Decomposing Life Expectancy Changes in Spain during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant drop in life expectancy at birth (LE) across Western Europe in 2020, with recovery only occurring by 2023. Despite being heavily affected, Spain maintained the highest LE within the European Union. This study aims to analyze the changes in LE in Spain from 2019 to 2023 by age and cause of death, comparing these trends to the pre-pandemic period from 2010 to 2019.
Methods
Life expectancy and mortality data by age and cause were sourced from the Spanish National Institute for Statistics (INE) covering the years 2010, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023. The age-specific contributions to LE changes were evaluated using the Arriaga decomposition method. These contributions were then proportionally assigned to major causes of death.
Results
- Age groups above 20 years old contributed negatively to LE in 2020 but mostly showed positive contributions in subsequent years up to 2023.
- Interestingly, the groups most affected in 2020 contributed positively to LE changes over the entire 2019–2023 period.
- Age groups under 45 years old continue to have negative contributions to LE.
- Infectious diseases were the primary cause of the sharp LE decline in 2020, reducing it by 1.33 years overall.
- The impact was more severe in men, with a reduction of 1.43 years, compared to 1.16 years in women.
"Infectious diseases were the main contributor to the sharp drop in life expectancy in 2020, accounting for −1.33 years in the total population, with a more severe impact in men (−1.43 years) than in women (−1.16 years)."
Summary
This study highlights Spain's complex life expectancy dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing both age-specific recovery trends and the disproportionate impact of infectious diseases.
Would you like the summary sentence to be more focused on the methodological approach or the epidemiological findings?More News
- Solidarity on Trial in Greece
- Golden State Warriors vs Cleveland Cavaliers | Live Play-By-Play & Reactions
- Over 4,000 gallons of oil and toxic wastewater spill in San Ardo
- Oil spills and technological cooperation for their prevention
- CHEFS (@chefs_podcast) - Instagram photos and videos
- Where the Chefs Eat: Skye McAlpine’s Venice
- Spill and pollution response
- Spillcontrol – Spill Control
- Golden State Warriors vs Cleveland Cavaliers regular season game: Full injury report, who's out, and more
- Restaurants, hôtels, bars, caves et commerces de … - Paris